• • • NGP Capital • Nuage Networks Website Footnotes / references Nokia (: Nokia, Finnish pronunciation:,:,: ) is a, and company, founded in 1865. Nokia's headquarters are in,, in the greater metropolitan area. In 2016, Nokia employed approximately 101,000 people across over 100 countries, did business in more than 130 countries, and reported annual revenues of around €23.6 billion. Nokia is a listed on the and. It is the world's 415th-largest company measured by 2016 revenues according to the, and is a component of the. The company has had various industries in its 152-year history.

Nokia has made a few iconic mobile phones, and the company was behind some of the most fabulous ringtones. Even the Lumia ringtones are eminently famous. And Microsoft is now offering everyone a chance to download them. The company has published all the latest Nokia ringtones on SoundCloud, thereby allowing.

It was founded as a, but since the 1990s focuses on large-scale, technology development and licensing. Nokia is also a major contributor to the industry, having assisted in the development of the, and standards (and currently in ), and is best known for having been the largest worldwide vendor of and for a period. After a partnership with and market struggles, its mobile phone business was eventually bought by the former, creating as its successor in 2014. After the sale, Nokia began to focus more extensively on its telecommunications infrastructure business and on the, marked by the divestiture of its mapping division and the acquisition of. The company also entered and (the latter by purchasing ), and is the owner of scientific research organization. The Nokia brand has since returned to the mobile and smartphone market through a licensing arrangement with. The company is viewed with by, as its successful mobile phone business made it by far the largest worldwide company and brand from Finland.

At its peak in 2000, during the, Nokia alone accounted for 4% of the country's, 21% of total exports and 70% of the market. Who oversaw the rise of Nokia in the mobile phone market as CEO from 1992 to 2006 Following 's appointment as CEO, a major restructuring was planned.

With 11 groups within the company, Vuorilehto divested industrial units he deemed as un-strategic. ( Nokian Renkaat), a tyre producer originally formed as a division of Finnish Rubber Works in 1932, split away from Nokia Corporation in 1988. Two years later, in 1990, Finnish Rubber Works followed suit. In 1991 Nokia sold its computer division, Nokia Data, to -based (ICL), the precursor of. Investors thought of this as financial trouble and Nokia's stock price sunk as a result. Finland was now also experiencing its, and the of the Soviet Union, a major customer, made matters worse. Vuorilehto quit in early 1992 and was replaced.

He saw that despite troubles in the economy, Nokia's business was booming. As a result, he decided to focus on wireless telecommunications and to get rid of non-core assets. This strategy proved to be very successful and the company grew rapidly in the following years. Nokia's first fully portable mobile phone after the Mobira Senator was the in 1987. Nokia assisted in the development of the mobile standard in the 1980s, and developed the first GSM network with, the predecessor to.

The world's first GSM call was made by Finnish prime minister on 1 July 1991, using Nokia equipment on the 900 MHz band network built by Nokia and operated. In November 1992, the launched, making it the first commercially available GSM mobile phone. Salora Oy as a Nokia subsidiary ended in 1989 when the division was merged into Nokia-Mobira Oy. The brand continued to be used for televisions until 1995. On 12 June 1996, Nokia announced the sale of its business to Canada/Hong Kong-based.

The television manufacturing plant in Germany closed down in September 1996. The sale included a factory in, and the rights to use the Nokia,,,, and Oceanic brands until the end of 1999. Some of these brands were later sold to other companies. Nokia was the first to launch receivers in the UK, announced in March 1997. In August 1997 Nokia introduced the first digital satellite receiver with (CI) support.

In 1998 Nokia became the chosen supplier to produce the world's first set-top boxes by British Digital Broadcasting (BDB), which was eventually launched as. A Nokia Mediamaster set-top box In October 1998, Nokia overtook to become the best-selling mobile phone brand, and in December manufactured its 100 millionth mobile phone. Nokia's mobile phones became highly successful in Europe, Africa, Asia and Oceania. They were also one of the pioneers of due to the popularity of, which came pre-loaded on many products. The is one of the company's most well-known products. Nokia also created the best-selling mobile phone of all time, the, in 2003. Nokia claimed in April 1996 its 447Xav and 447K monitors to be the first with speakers and a.

In May 1999 Nokia introduced their first products. In January 2000 acquired Nokia Display Products, the division making for personal computers. On 26 April 2001 Nokia partnered with to supply modems and routers in Spain. In 1998, Nokia co-founded led by to create a new operating system for as a successor of. In 2001 Nokia created the platform on, later introducing it with their first, the. Both Nokia and Symbian eventually became the largest hardware and software maker respectively, and in February 2004 became the largest shareholder of Symbian Ltd. Nokia acquired the entire company in June 2008 and then formed the as its successor.

In 1998 alone, the company had sales revenue of $20 billion making $2.6 billion profit. By 2000 Nokia employed over 55,000 people. A collection of Nokia mobile phones from the 2000s The was the first camera phone on sale in North America in 2003.

The company would go on to become a successful and innovative camera phone maker. In April 2005 Nokia partnered with German camera optics maker. That same month Nokia introduced the, which would become its flagship line of smart phones for the next six years. The introduced in September 2006 became highly successful and was also awarded as 'best mobile imaging device' in Europe in 2007. Its successor the featured a flash, which helped it win the award of 'best mobile imaging' device in Europe in 2008. The in 2006 was known for its specialized and the twistable design that switches between and a camcorder-like position.

They were also well known for the with a high resolution 12-megapixel sensor in 2010; the in 2012 with a 41-megapixel sensor; and the flagship in 2012 which implemented advanced technologies. In 2002, Nokia attempted to break into the market with the. Nokia's head of entertainment and media, Ilkka Raiskinen, once quoted ' is for 10-year-olds', stating that N-Gage is more suited to a mature audience. However, the device was a failure, unable to challenge the dominant market leader.

Nokia attempted to revive N-Gage as a platform for their S60 smartphones, which eventually launched in 2008. Nokia launched trials in 2005 in Finland with content provided by public broadcaster. The services are based on the standard. It could be viewed with the widescreen smartphone with a special accessory enabling it to receive DVB-H signals. Nokia partnered with and to launch trials in the UK in September 2005. In 2005 Nokia developed a -based operating system called, which shipped that year on the. On 1 June 2006, became the company's chairman and retired as CEO, replaced.

A flagship Nokia store in, Brazil in 2009 In August 2007, Nokia introduced, an umbrella name for the company's new Internet services which included the N-Gage platform and the. The Ovi Store faced stiff competition against 's when it was introduced in 2008.

In October 2008 Nokia announced the, the first device to ship with the new touch-centric S60 5th Edition, also known as Symbian^1, the first iteration of the platform since the creation of the Symbian Foundation. In November 2008 Nokia announced it would end mobile phone sales in because of low market share.

Nokia briefly returned to the computer market with the netbook in August 2009. 2010–2014 [ ]. A Nokia 9000 Communicator (1996) next to a Nokia E7 Communicator (2011) In April 2010 Nokia introduced its next flagship mobile device, the, which would be the first to run on Symbian^3.

However it was delayed for many months which tarnished the company's image, especially after the failure of its previous flagship and tougher competition from and the rising. On 10 September 2010, was fired as CEO and it was announced that from would take Nokia's CEO position, becoming the first non-Finnish director in Nokia's history. The old Symbian OS became completely in February 2010. However, in November 2010 it was announced that the was closing and that Nokia would take back control of the Symbian operating system under closed licensing.

By now Nokia was the only remaining company using the platform, along with carrier in Japan, after both and moved to. Meanwhile, in 2010 for Nokia's ambitions, Nokia collaborated with to form the project, after the merger of Nokia's own and Intel's. Nokia's Symbian platform that had been the leading smartphone platform in Europe and Asia for many years was quickly becoming outdated and difficult for developers after the advent of and. To counter this, Nokia planned to make their MeeGo Linux operating system the company's flagship on smartphones. However, in February 2011, they scrapped MeeGo and announce a partnership with to use as Nokia's primary operating system, relegating Symbian to a lower priority. Although the MeeGo-based was met with a highly positive reception in 2011, Nokia - apparently pressured by Microsoft [ ] - had already decided to end development on MeeGo and solely focus on its Microsoft partnership. After the announcement of the Microsoft deal, Nokia's market share deteriorated; this was due to demand for Symbian dropping when consumers realized Nokia's focus and attention would be elsewhere.

Nokia's first Windows Phone flagship was the, which arrived in November 2011. Falling sales in 2011, which were not being improved significantly with the Lumia line in 2012, led to consecutive quarters of huge losses.

By mid-2012, with the company's stock price falling below $2, Nokia almost became bankrupt. On 11 March 2011 Nokia announced that it had paid Elop a $6 million signing bonus as 'compensation for lost income from his prior employer,' on top of his $1.4 million annual salary. This was a turning point, since Elop has previously been a Microsoft employee in its Business Division.

It later became clear that Microsoft was influential within Nokia, pushing forward its Windows Phone offering. When the was announced in September 2012, it was seen by the press as the first high-end Windows Phone that could challenge rivals due to its advanced feature set. The company was also making gains in developing countries with its series, which were selling strongly. Although Nokia's smartphone market share recovered in 2013, it was still not enough to improve the dire financial situation: the company had had huge losses for two years, and in September 2013 announced the sale of its mobile and devices division to Microsoft. The sale was positive for Nokia to stop further disastrous financial figures, as well as for Microsoft's CEO, who wanted Microsoft to produce more hardware and turn it into a devices and services company.

The sale was completed in April 2014, with becoming the successor to Nokia's mobile devices division. A Nokia advertising sign in, Ireland In July 2013, Nokia bought ' stake in the Nokia Siemens Networks joint venture for $2.2 billion, turning it into a wholly owned subsidiary called Nokia Solutions and Networks, until being rebranded as soon after. During Nokia's financial struggles, its profitable networking division with Siemens provided much of its income; thus, the purchase proved to be positive, particularly after the sale of its mobile devices unit. 2014–present [ ] After the sale of its mobile devices division, Nokia focused on network equipment through. In October 2014, Nokia and signed a US$970 million framework deal for delivery between 2014 and 2015. On 17 November 2014, Nokia Technologies head Ramzi Haidamus disclosed that the company planned to re-enter the consumer electronics business as an, licensing in-house hardware designs and technologies to third-party manufacturers.

Haidamus stated that the Nokia brand was 'valuable' but 'is diminishing in value, and that's why it is important that we reverse that trend very quickly, imminently.' The next day, Nokia unveiled the, an Android manufactured by, as its first product following the Microsoft sale. Haidamus emphasized that devices released under these licensing agreements would be held to high standards in production quality, and would 'look and feel just like Nokia built it.' Amadeus Pro 1.5 Serial.

Nokia CEO Rajeev Suri stated that the company planned to re-enter the mobile phone business in this manner in 2016, following the expiration of its non-compete clause with Microsoft. According to Robert Morlino, the spokesman of Nokia Technologies, Nokia planned follow the model rather than direct marketing of mobile devices due to the sale of its mobile devices division to Microsoft. The company took aggressive steps to revitalize itself, evident through its hiring of software experts, testing of new products and seeking of sales partners. On 14 July 2015, CEO Rajeev Suri confirmed that the company would make a return to the mobile phones market in 2016. On 28 July 2015, Nokia announced OZO, a camera, with eight optical image sensors.

The division behind the product, Nokia Technologies, claimed that OZO would be the most advanced platform. Nokia's press release stated that OZO would be 'the first in a planned portfolio of digital media solutions,' with more technologic products expected in the future. OZO was fully unveiled on 30 November in. The OZO, designed for professional use, was intended for retail for US$60,000; however, its price was decreased by $15,000 prior to release, and is listed on its official website as $40,000. A Nokia Flexi Zone (2015) On 14 April 2015, Nokia confirmed that it was in talks with the French telecommunications equipment company regarding a potential merger. The next day, Nokia officially announced that it had agreed to purchase Alcatel-Lucent for €15.6 billion in an all-stock deal. CEO Rajeev Suri felt that the purchase would give Nokia a strategic advantage in the development of wireless technologies, and the acquisition aimed to create a stronger competitor to the rival firms and, whom Nokia and Alcatel-Lucent had surpassed in terms of total combined revenue in 2014.

Nokia shareholders hold 66.5% of the new combined company, while Alcatel-Lucent shareholders hold 33.5%. The division was to be maintained, but the Alcatel-Lucent brand would be replaced by Nokia. In October 2015, following approval of the deal by China's Ministry of Commerce, the merger awaited approval by French regulators. Despite the initial intent of selling the submarine cable division separately, Alcatel-Lucent later declared that it would not. The merger closed on 14 January 2016, but was not complete until 3 November 2016.

From the acquisition Nokia is now also the owner of the, which continues to be licensed to. On 3 August 2015, Nokia announced that it had reached a deal to sell its digital maps division to a consortium of, and for €2.8 billion. The deal closed on 3 December 2015. On 26 April 2016, Nokia announced its intent to acquire connected health device maker for US$191 million.

The company was integrated into a new Digital Health unit of Nokia Technologies. On 18 May 2016, Microsoft Mobile sold its Nokia-branded feature phone business to, a new company founded by former Nokia executive Jean-Francois Baril, and an associated factory in Vietnam to 's subsidiary.

Nokia subsequently entered into a long-term licensing deal to make HMD the exclusive manufacturer of Nokia-branded phones and tablets outside Japan, operating in conjunction with Foxconn. The deal also granted HMD the right to essential patents and feature phone software. HMD subsequently announced the Android-based smartphone in January 2017.

At, HMD additionally unveiled the and smartphones, as well as a of Nokia's classic feature phone. While Nokia has no investment in the company they do have some input in the new devices. On 28 June 2016 Nokia demonstrated for the first time ever a -ready network.

In February 2017 Nokia carried out a 5G connection in, Finland using the 5GTF standard, backed by, on architecture-based equipment. On 5 July 2017, Nokia and announced that they have signed a business collaboration agreement and a multi-year patent agreement, including a cross license to each company's cellular standard essential patents. Current operations [ ] Nokia is a listed on the and stock exchanges.

Nokia has played a very large role in the, and it is an important employer in the country, working with multiple local and. Nokia contributed 1.6% to Finland's GDP and accounted for about 16% of the country's exports in 2006.

Nokia comprises two business groups along with further subsidiaries and affiliated firms. Nokia Networks [ ]. Main article: is a research and scientific development firm that was once the R&D arm of the American. It became a subsidiary of Nokia Corporation after the takeover of in 2016. NGP Capital [ ] NGP Capital (formerly Nokia Growth Partners) is a global venture capital firm, focusing in investments on growth stage ' (IoT) and companies. NGP holds investments throughout the U.S., Europe, China and India.

Their portfolio consists of companies in mobile technology including the sectors Connected Enterprise, Digital Health, Consumer IoT and Connected Car. Following a $350 million funding for IoT companies in 2016, NGP manages $1 billion worth of assets. Nokia had previously promoted innovation through venture sponsorships dating back to 1998 with Nokia Venture Partners, which was renamed BlueRun Ventures and spun off in 2005.

Nokia Growth Partners (NGP) was founded in 2005 as a growth stage venture fund as a continuation of the early successes of Nokia Venture Partners. In 2017, the company renamed Nokia Growth Partners to NGP Capital. NGP's largest exits include GanJi,, Whistle,, Swype, Summit Microelectronics and Netmagic. Nuage Networks [ ] Nuage Networks is a venture providing (SDN) solutions. It was formed by Alcatel-Lucent in 2013 to develop a software overlay for automating and orchestrating hybrid clouds. It has been part of Nokia following their acquisition of Alcatel-Lucent in 2016. Throughout 2017 Nuage sealed deals with and to provide its architecture to their servers.

Had already been a client since 2016. A deal with in January 2017 also used Nuage's SDN technology for 2,000 public cloud servers at existing data centers in China, and another in October 2017 with. The company is based in and the CEO is Sunil Khandekar. Alcatel Mobile [ ]. The former Nokia House, Nokia's head office up until April 2014. The building is located by the in,, and was constructed between 1995 and 1997.

It was the workplace of more than 1,000 Nokia employees. The Nokia House was the building of Nokia Corporation, located in,. The two southernmost parts of the building were built in the early 1990s and the third, northernmost part was built in 2000. In December 2012, Nokia announced that it had sold its head office building to Finland-based Exilion for €170 million and was leasing it back on a long term basis. Nokia left the building as part of the sale of the mobile phone business to Microsoft in April 2014, and the building was renamed to.

Nokia moved its headquarters to Karaportti in Espoo, which was previously the headquarters of NSN (now ). Bmp2cnc 2 71 Keygen Generator. Nokia's current logo since 1966. The company stopped using a slogan with its logo in 2011. Controversies [ ] NSN's provision of intercept capability to Iran [ ] In 2008,, a joint venture between Nokia and, reportedly provided 's monopoly telecom company with technology that allowed it to intercept the Internet communications of its citizens.

The technology reportedly allowed Iran to use to read and change the content of emails, social media, and online phone calls. The technology 'enables authorities to not only block communication but to monitor it to gather information about individuals, as well as alter it for disinformation purposes'. During the, Iran's Internet access was reported to have slowed to less than a tenth of its normal speeds, which experts suspected was due to use of deep packet inspection. In July 2009, Nokia began to experience a of their products and services in. The boycott was led by consumers sympathetic to the post-election protest movement and targeted companies deemed to be collaborating with the regime. Demand for handsets fell and users began shunning.

Nokia Siemens Networks asserted in a press release that it provided Iran only with a 'lawful intercept capability solely for monitoring of local voice calls' and that it 'has not provided any deep packet inspection, web censorship, or Internet filtering capability to Iran'. Lex Nokia [ ] In 2009, Nokia heavily supported a law in Finland that allows companies to monitor their employees' electronic communications in cases of suspected information leaking.

Nokia denied rumors that the company had considered moving its head office out of Finland if laws on electronic were not changed. The Finnish media dubbed the law Lex Nokia because it was implemented as a result of Nokia's pressure. The law was enacted, but with strict requirements for implementation of its provisions.

No company had used its provisions prior to 25 February 2013, when the Office of Data Protection Ombudsman confirmed that city of had recently given the required notice. Nokia–Apple patent dispute [ ] In October 2009, Nokia filed a lawsuit against in the claiming that Apple infringed on 10 of its patents related to wireless communication including data transfer. Apple was quick to respond with a countersuit filed in December 2009 accusing Nokia of 11 patent infringements. Apple's General Counsel, went a step further by stating, 'Other companies must compete with us by inventing their own technologies, not just by stealing ours.' This resulted in a legal battle between the two telecom majors with Nokia filing another suit, this time with the (ITC), alleging Apple of infringing its patents in 'virtually all of its mobile phones, portable music players and computers'. Nokia went on to ask the court to ban all U.S.

Imports of the Apple products, including the, and. Apple countersued by filing a complaint with the ITC in January 2010.

In June 2011, Apple settled with Nokia and agreed to an estimated one time payment of $600 million and royalties to Nokia. The two companies also agreed on a cross-licensing patents for some of their patented technologies. Alleged tax evasion in India [ ] Nokia's Indian subsidiary has been charged with non-payment of and transgressing norms in India. The unpaid TDS of ₹30 billion, accrued during a course of six years, was due to royalty paid by the Indian subsidiary to its parent company. See also [ ].

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